Do I currently need a Florida State License to perform Mold related services (assessment or remediation)?

July 14, 2010

Do I currently need a Florida State License to perform Mold related services (assessment or remediation)?

Yes, A license will be required after July 1, 2010; however, Florida Statutes provide that unlicensed activity will not be enforced until July 2011.

If my company does both Mold Assessments and Mold Remediations, will I be required to get two (2) licenses (one for Mold Assessor and one for Mold Remediator?

This would be considered a conflict of interest by the state, Section 468.8419(1)(d), F.S., provides that an assessor may not “perform or offer to perform any remediation to a structure on which the mold assessor or the assessor’s company provided a mold assessment within the last 12 months.” Section 468.8419(2)(d), F.S., provides that a remediator may not “perform or offer to perform any assessment to a structure on which the mold remediator or the remediator’s company provided a mold remediation within the last 12 months

John P. Lapotaire, CIEC
Certified Indoor Environmental Consultant
Microshield Environmental Services, LLC
www.Microshield-ES.com
www.CFL-IAQ.com


What to look for when Hiring an IAQ or Mold Consultant or Contractor

July 14, 2010

Studies have shown that most people spend 90% of their time in indoor environments. Indoor air quality (IAQ) issues impact the lives of people across the globe. Problems with poor air quality in buildings and homes can result in health concerns, liability issue, lost productivity, and decreased property values.

IAQ problems in non-industrial buildings such as homes, schools and offices are often caused by complex, inter-related issues. Diagnosing and fixing the sources of poor IAQ may require the professional expertise of one or more consultants or contractors. It is important that individuals be highly qualified to fully investigate, identify and/or mitigate the total problem according to recognized industry standards and guidelines. Verification of contracting or remediation work, if requested, should be conducted by an equally qualified third-party consultant.

Many firms are available today to help find solutions to IAQ problems. However, in most parts of the country the IAQ industry is not regulated. Therefore, it is important to make sure that you utilize a qualified professional.

The good news is there is an easy way to make sure that only qualified individuals and firms deal with these complex problems. The largest organization of trades and professionals dealing with IAQ issues is the Indoor Air Quality Association (IAQA). Since 1995, IAQA has delivered the industry’s most prestigious and respected IAQ and mold training programs. Many IAQA course alumni with sufficient experience and knowledge have also become certified by the American Indoor Air Quality Council (AmIAQ), prestigious, independent certification body for the industry. These trained and certified professionals are available to resolve your IAQ issues.

John P. Lapotaire, CIEC
Certified Indoor Environmental Consultant
Microshield Environmental Services, LLC
www.Microshield-ES.com


Hire Only the Best – Trained and Certified ACAC Mold Inspectors

July 14, 2010

When hiring a professional consultant or contractor it is important to hire a company with qualified and certified staff that will be following industry standards and guidelines to ensure a job done right.

ACAC offers training course for various kinds of IAQ and mold specialists, including assessment and remediation programs available to IAQA members in the various indoor air disciplines.

Florida Chooses ACAC Exams for New Mold License

The ACAC is pleased to announce that as of July 1, 2010, the American Council for Accredited Certification (ACAC) is the exclusive provider of mold license examinations for the state of Florida.

ACAC signed an exclusive contract with Florida’s Department of Business and Professional Regulation (DBPR) whereby all applicants for licensure by examination under Florida’s new Mold Related Services law must have passed one of six ACAC certification exams.

Applicants for the Florida mold assessor license may take the Council-certified Indoor Environmentalist (CIE), Council-certified Indoor Environmental Consultant (CIEC) or Council-certified Microbial Consultant (CMC) examinations.

Applicants for the Florida mold remediator license may take the Council-certified Microbial Remediator (CMR), Council-certified Microbial Remediation Supervisor (CMRS) or Council-certified Indoor Environmental Supervisor (CIES) examinations.

If you hold one of these ACAC certifications in good standing, congratulations! You are already qualified for the Florida license. Simply download a Florida license application at http://www.myfloridalicense.com/dbpr/pro/mold/documents/mold_app_licensure.pdf and complete the “License by Grandfathering” section.

Florida’s decision to rely on ACAC exams reinforces our position as the industry leader for independent professional certifications. ACAC exams were chosen in part because they are based on widely accepted industry texts, not on proprietary training courses. They are developed by independent industry experts according to stringent psychometric principles and administered in compliance with international consensus standards. ACAC certifications are also the only IAQ designations to earn third-party accreditation by the Council for Engineering and Scientific Specialty Boards (CESB), a nationally-recognized accreditation body.

The ACAC is constantly working to enhance the value and visibility of ACAC designations, and is pleased to add Florida to our list of accomplishments in this regard.


FL HB 713 Summary for Mold Retated Services

March 11, 2010

FL Mold Related Services Summary
John Lapotaire

A line by line helpful overview of the FL HB 713 as it makes its way through its final committee.

Mold Services Requirements

652 Mold Related Services

656 (2) The Legislature finds it necessary in the interest of

657 the public safety and welfare, to prevent damage to real and

658 personal property, to avert economic injury to the residents of

659 this state, and to regulate persons and companies that hold

660 themselves out to the public as qualified to perform mold

661related services.

672 Examinations

673 (1) A person desiring to be licensed as a mold assessor or

674 mold remediator must shall apply to the department after

675 satisfying the examination requirements of this part to take a

676 licensure examination.

682 (a)1. For a mold remediator, at least a 2-year associate

683 of arts degree, or the equivalent, with at least 30 semester

684 hours in microbiology, engineering, architecture, industrial

685 hygiene, occupational safety, or a related field of science from

686 an accredited institution and a minimum of 1 year of documented

687 field experience in a field related to mold remediation; or

688 2. A high school diploma or the equivalent with a minimum

689 of 4 years of documented field experience in a field related to

690 mold remediation.

691 (b)1. For a mold assessor, at least a 2-year associate of

692 arts degree, or the equivalent, with at least 30 semester hours

693 in microbiology, engineering, architecture, industrial hygiene,

694 occupational safety, or a related field of science from an

695 accredited institution and a minimum of 1 year of documented

696 field experience in conducting microbial sampling or

697 investigations; or

698 2. A high school diploma or the equivalent with a minimum

699 of 4 years of documented field experience in conducting

700 microbial sampling or investigations.

Insurance

860 (1) A mold assessor shall maintain general liability and

861 errors and omissions for both preliminary and postremediation

862 mold assessment insurance coverage in an amount of at least $1

863 million

Grandfather Clause

866 468.8423 Grandfather clause.-

867 (1) A person who performs mold assessment or mold

868 remediation as defined in this part may qualify for licensure to

869 be licensed by the department as a mold assessor or mold

870 remediator if the person submits his or her application to the

871 department by March 1, 2011, whether postmarked or delivered by

872 that date, and if the person: meets the licensure requirements

873 of this part by July 1, 2010.

874 (a) Is certified as a mold assessor or mold remediator by

875 a state or national association that requires, for such

876 certification, successful completion of a proctored examination

877 on mold assessment or mold remediation, as applicable, and

878 completes at least 60 hours of education on mold assessment or

879 at least 30 hours of education on mold remediation, as

880 applicable; or

881 (b) At the time of application, has at least 3 years of

882 experience as a mold assessor or mold remediator. To establish

883 the 3 years of experience, an applicant must submit at least 40

884 mold assessments or remediation invoices prepared by the

885 applicant.

John P. Lapotaire, CIEC

Certified Indoor Environmental Consultant

Microshield Environmental Services, LLC

www.Microshield-ES.com


What is a Professional and Informative Mold Report?

March 4, 2010

A professionally prepared Mold Report should clearly answer the following questions:

1.Is there a mold or IAQ problem?
2.What was the cause?
3.Where is the problem source?
4.What containment and cleaning are needed?
5.What building repairs are needed to prevent future problems?
6.How will we assure that the field investigation work is properly done?
7.How will we assure that the mold test lab work was actually collected by an expert?
A mold test lab report can produce a lot of information but it does not answer any of those questions.

A true mold inspector should have the ability to do more than hit the on switch of the sampling pump and hand the client a lab report.

Are Mold Lab Reports Useful Without a Visual Inspection?

A mold report from the laboratory which simply offers some counts or numbers or culture results is not a good value. Not when the mold inspector was supposed to perform a “screening inspection” for mold, but did not perform a thorough visual inspection of the home or office.

A superficial mold test risks leaving the client with ambiguous results, or even if the test suggests that a problem mold is present, the client has no idea where the problem is, if any, and what to do about it.

If you suspect that there is a mold problem in your home or office you need to know the following:

1.Is there a mold, allergen, or similar environmental problem in the building?
2.If there is a problem, where is it and how big is it?
3.What does the lab work indicate about the level of risk to occupants or workers? Are we looking at a “cosmetic-only” concern?
4.Is a mold remediation protocol necessary?
5.What is the extent of demolition or cleaning needed, and based on the lab results, what is the level of containment and care needed?
6.What needs to be changed or repaired in the home or office so that problems don’t recur?
7.After the cleanup has been completed, was it proper and complete?
A professionally prepared mold report must be useful:

In other words, in exchange for being paid a substantial professional fee to investigate a building, a mold inspector should provide accurate and useful diagnostic and prescriptive information to his or her client, and should include not only an identification of problematic mold, but an indication of where the problem is, how big it is, and what work is needed to remove it – a mold remediation protocol.

A Qualified Ethical Mold Inspector or Certified Indoor Environmental Consultant should interview the client carefully before the inspection to assist in deciding if such a costly inspection and test process is really appropriate and cost-justified.

In cases where there are no occupants at special risk of mold-related illness or respiratory illness; where there is no building leak history, and where no substantial mold is visible or suspected, a mold investigation may not be appropriate. Instead an indoor environmental assessment for allergy or asthma triggers would be more appropriate.

We get a lot of calls from people asking us to help them interpret their “mold inspection report.” What we often learn is that there was no actual mold inspection conducted.

The “inspector” simply collected some test samples, sent them to a mold test lab, and returned the mold lab test report to the client with no supporting explanation or laboratory report interpretation.

That sort of “mold inspection” is not very helpful as no one can really interpret what the report means.

Adding difficulty to interpreting a mold lab test report is the usual practice by the mold test “expert” of omitting any description of the mold test conditions.

1.Was testing passive – did the inspector tiptoe into a room and collect a tape or air or culture sample?
2.Or was testing active – were rooms occupied by active people, were fans running, were windows open or shut?
3.What were the other indoor environmental conditions that are vital to an indoor environmental assessment such as temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and particulate levels?
4.Was the home at a positive or negative pressure?
5.Was the A/C running?
6.Were any windows open?
7.How many people were coming and going in the home?
8.Pets?
9.House plants?
10.Cooking?
Without knowing more about these site conditions, without an actual detailed visual inspection for causes of or evidence of mold, without taking a site history and client history and adding that the level of airborne particles in buildings varies enormously from minute to minute depending on these conditions, interpreting your “mold lab test report” is simply not possible.

These mold laboratory reports have some great graphs but they also have

1.no building inspection,
2.no building history of leaks or observed mold problems
3.no client history of building related complaints,
4.no mold risk assessment,
5.no interpretation of the lab’s findings, and contradictory indications.
6.so … No one knows what to do next.
What’s worse all mold laboratory reports have a disclaimer that states something to the effect of;

The Laboratory bears no responsibility for sample collection activities or analytical method limitations. Interpretation and use of test results are the responsibility of the client

or

The client is solely responsible for the use and interpretation of these recommended action guidelines.

And the inspectors often add in their agreements the following helpful clause;

The client is solely responsible for the use and interpretation of the test results and reports requested from home inspector. The inspector is not able to assess the degree of any potential hazard resulting from the materials and areas analyzed. Therefore, we respectfully suggest that you review this report with your personal physician or health care person(s) for information that may affect the inhabitants of the home.

In other words, in exchange for being paid a professional fee to investigate a building, the mold inspector should provide accurate and useful diagnostic and prescriptive information to his or her client; not state that he or she is not responsible for the interpretation of the sample results that they have collected.

A Professional Mold Investigation is much more than the collection of samples.

Unless the sample collection was combined with an expert visual inspection of the building, one cannot be certain of the extent of mold or other particle contamination in a building.

Similarly, without an expert visual inspection one cannot determine if a sample accurately represents all of the molds present in the building.

A competent report should identify, right up front, what is important and what needs to be done.

It should support these opinions with competent detail and professional, reliable lab work.

A professional mold inspection report is much mor that handing the client a lab report.

John P. Lapotaire, CIEC
Certified Indoor Environmental Consultant
Microshield Environmental Services, LLC
www.Microshield-ES.com


Bioaerosol Laboratory Result Interpretation

March 4, 2010

There are no government-issued numerical standards for mold interpretation. However, use the following arbitrary numbers for guidance in interpreting microbial survey results.

Bioaerosol

•1,000 CFU/m3 Active Growth/Sporulation
•>5,000 CFU/m3 Very Active Growth/Sporulation
Our final mold interpretation is not based solely on the spore count numbers. Information gathered from the visual inspection of the areas sampled is very significant, including sources of moisture or high humidity, areas of elevated particulate matter, and signs of visible mold growth.

In air samples, it is important to consider the type and concentration of fungi indoors, as compared to outdoors or a non-complaint area. We take into consideration the indoor versus outdoor fungal count ratio, the presence or absence of certain fungi indoors versus outdoors, the genus and/or species of predominant fungi indoors versus outdoors.

The indoor versus outdoor comparisons is not focused on the (absolute) concentrations, but the (relative) percentages of those small spores when doing indoor versus outdoor comparisons.

All of our testing is hypothesis-driven. Measurements of outdoor spore concentrations in the context of indoor air quality have one and only one purpose. The purpose is to test the hypothesis of whether you have an indoor source of airborne spores or not. We do this by determining if the spores in your indoor air samples may have infiltrated from outdoors at the time of testing.

If the interpretation of the results of your carefully designed sampling strategy shows that spores in the indoor samples did not come from outdoors, then there is a source of indoor spores that needs investigating and/or cleaning. The source can be from building materials or personal contents such as moldy books, moldy orange in the trash can, recent water damage, etc.

If indoor airborne spores are all from outdoors, those small spores (less than 10 microns) should be in similar percentages (doesn’t have to be identical) to those in outdoor air. They are similar in sizes, so they settle or get filtered out in similar rates. If indoor spore profiles (percentages of different spores) look very different from those found outdoors, something must have been added to the indoor air to change that profile.

The elevated air sample results have to be confirmed by the discovery of the mold growth source or the Cause and Origin of the mold growth. Without the cause and origin corrections cannot be made to return the home to an S-520 Condition 1, Normal Fungal Ecology.

Spores do not grow in the air. They grow on wet surfaces. You should always start and end with visual confirmation of the presence or absence of mold spore reservoirs, or growth, based upon a visual inspection with an understanding of where and how to find moisture problems.

Health risk from mold is not about spore counts. There is no way to associate airborne spore levels, per se, with any particular health risk (other than perhaps risk of certain types of invasive fungal infection in immune-compromised people).

We also look for the presence of hyphae fragments along with the actual spores when interpreting the lab results. The hyphae are individual filament or thread that make up a fungus and a hyphae fragment is a portion of the fungal mycelium that does not have any spores or other diagnostic fungal structures, and could not be identified but is indicative of actual fungal growth.

The final interpretation of the laboratory results are delivered in the reporting of the areas sampled as being at an S-520 Condition 1, 2, or 3 at the time of sampling.

John P. Lapotaire, CIEC
Certified Indoor Environmental Consultant
Microshield Environmental Services, LLC
www.Microshield-ES.com


Should You Test for Mold?

March 4, 2010

When we get calls for mold testing, we conduct a very thorough client interview to help get us acquainted with the client and to help determine the client’s individual needs. In some cases the client simply needs to have air samples collected to find out if there is a presence of a known allergen in their home or office. In other cases they need to know why there is mold in their home or office and how to stop it from growing and how to get rid of what has already grown.

And far too often we are asked to interpret the laboratory report for samples that were collected by a “Mold Inspector”.

Most of the reports that we are called out to help with are incomplete and do little more that repeat what the lab report states. There were Aspergillus/Penicillium spores found etc…..etc…..

This information is of little value to the client if you don’t know what caused the mold to grow in the first place and even less value if you can’t provide a solution to that initial cause. That’s just a basic “Cause and Origin” report and requires no testing. I consider that part of my assessment as Step 1. No testing yet.

To provide the cause and origin requires a solid visual inspection which is the most important aspect of a mold inspection. The purpose of the visual inspection is to identify visual mold contamination or conditions that may be conducive to microbial growth. The visual inspection should also include the collection of indoor environmental conditions such as temperature, humidity, carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide, and particulate levels.

When the source of mold is hidden the use of a particulate counter is essential in locating areas of a home or office that have elevated airborne particulate matter and possible areas that require further investigation. Still no testing.

At this point I feel comfortable in my ability to answer the following questions that will become the foundation of my report.

1.Is there a mold or IAQ problem?
2.What was the cause?
3.Where is the problem source?
4.What is the extent of any wet and damaged material?
5.What building repairs are needed to prevent a reoccurrence?
6.Will I need an S-520 based protocol?
7.Will I need to provide local containment?

A mold test, surface or air, can’t answer any of those questions and would not alter the answers to any of those question. A lab report can produce a lot of information but if it doesn’t answer any of those questions why would I be testing?

If the mold testing results will not affect what you do, then you probably don’t need mold testing.

I believe that you may only need the visual inspection and a mold remediation protocol that is then followed by the testing to establish that the structure, contents or systems of your home or office have been returned to a normal fungal ecology or S-520 Condition 1.

Having said all that there are times when you may simply want to know what is in the air you breathe and whether or not there is an unusual amount of mold spores in you air. You may need to show that the mold growing on a surface is in fact airborne and causing negative health affects to the building occupants. You may want to know if the elevated particulate levels in the building are mold spores from the visible mold growth to ensure that the IAQ improvements that you recommend will address all of the airborne particulate matter and not miss something.

Remember mold tests are not perfect. False negative and false positive results do sometimes occur. Mold testing results are one piece of information, sometimes an important piece. But other pieces of information are also needed and in my mind much more important and should always take precedence over the mold testing and laboratory results.

If a mold inspector begins his inspection with the suggestion of sampling I believe I can safely say he missed a step. Step 1

In many cases that I review the only thing the mold inspector provides his client with is the laboratory report of the testing that he preformed. No summary of findings, no cause and origin, no indoor environmental measurements, no history, nothing but a lab report.

If you have signed an agreement with your inspector take a close look at it. Most if not all mold inspector agreements that I have reviewed contain a statement such as;

The client is solely responsible for the use and interpretation of the test results and reports requested from home inspector. The inspector is not able to assess the degree of any potential hazard resulting from the materials and areas analyzed. Therefore, we respectfully suggest that you review this report with your personal physician or health care person(s) for information that may affect the inhabitants of the home.

Which is sad and ironic because the laboratory report will contain a statement such as;

The Laboratory bears no responsibility for sample collection activities or analytical method limitations. Interpretation and use of test results are the responsibility of the client

Or

The client is solely responsible for the use and interpretation of these recommended action guidelines.

So who does that leave to interpret the results? What did the client pay for? How does this information help you? What is it telling you?

Many inspectors and believe that testing and sampling will somehow tell you were there is hidden mold. I just don’t believe that. There are just too many variables in air samples and spore counts to justify that statement. You still need to look for and find the mold, identify the cause and the origin, and provide a plan to repair the cause and return the home to its pre loss condition. Any good inspector should be able to do that without starting a pump.

John P. Lapotaire, CIEC
Certified Indoor Environmental Consultant
Microshield Environmental Services, LLC
www.Microshield-ES.com


Florida Mold Law Update

March 4, 2010

Florida House Bill HB713 is a proposal to accept any national association’s certifications with 3 years verifiable experience and 60 hours of verified training. The Florida Legislature goes into session next week and this bill should be voted on quickly.

This is a very good thing for the consumer. I receive dozens of calls from consumers who have had a “Mold Inspection” only to have the inspector hand the consumer a lab report with no summary of findings. You can read more about that in this article. http://activerain.com/blogsview/1438130/the-home-inspector-mold-test-buyer-beware- That is the reason we truly need the new law and a stiff standard.

Point to remeber

Certification vs Certificate of Training

Many who hold a private, IAQ-related credential, will be surprised to learn that it may be nothing more than a training certificate.

Unfortunately there are many training programs that are not a recognized ANSI/NOCA professional certification but rather only a certificate of training. Many won’t meet the requirements of the new HB713 where you would be required to have 60hrs of training and 3 years of experience and a certification from a national association. You can read more about that in this article. http://activerain.com/blogsview/1272700/is-your-mold-or-iaq-inspector-really-certified-

Remember that HB713 is not a law yet. It still has to be voted in.

You can read more about what is in a Professional Mold Inspection Report in this article. http://activerain.com/blogsview/1516548/what-is-a-professional-and-informative-mold-report-

John P. Lapotaire, CIEC
Certified Indoor Environmental Consultant
Microshield Environmental Services, LLC
www.Microshield-ES.com


Formaldehyde Council recommends testing homes for formaldehyde

August 25, 2009

The Formaldehyde Council, Inc. (FCI) engaged an industrial hygienist to explain formaldehyde testing methods. Larry Newton, CIH, CSP, has performed over 400 indoor air quality investigations.

Newton expressed concern that some modern homes do not bring in adequate fresh air. He agreed with our statement, “lack of fresh air allows chemical contaminants to concentrate inside the home”.

Newton explained how he tested homes for formaldehyde in the 1980s.

When I began indoor investigations, I used a CEA 555 continuous environmental analyzer (CEA) based on the wet chemistry of pararosaniline. This chemistry is highly specific and sensitive (< 100 ppb) to formaldehyde…The CEA 555 monitor not only allowed me to obtain real-time ambient formaldehyde concentrations I was able to sniff out sources by placing the probe between walls; inside cabinets and drawers; beneath the floor; and at surfaces of suspected emitters. Whenever possible, I used the chromotropic acid method as my referee method. You used your Interscan 4160 in the same manner I did.

Technology has progressed in the decades since Newton measured formaldehyde in homes. The Interscan 4160 formaldehyde meter is considerably more accurate than the CEA 555. Sample collection for laboratory analyses is simpler than in the old days.

We used the Interscan 4160 extensively to confirm that many new homes have elevated formaldehyde in room air. Our data indicate that well-sealed homes are more likely to concentrate formaldehyde, just as Newton expected.

The Interscan 4160 serves well to locate formaldehyde sources in homes where clients are ill. As Newton recommended, we use the Interscan 4160 to identify cabinets, furniture items, and building materials that emit formaldehyde.

The Interscan 4160 is a direct read meter that measures concentration in air. It does not provide a written record of test results. We recommend laboratory analysis when clients are preparing for litigation.

A South Bay woman had health problems soon after her kitchen cabinets were refaced. She suspected formaldehyde from the MDF facing material was responsible for her illness. However, her contractor was adversarial and refused to replace the material that made her ill.

The Interscan 4160 confirmed the facing material emitted considerable formaldehyde. A lab test confirmed the formaldehyde concentration in the woman’s kitchen was high enough to make her ill. Combining the two test methods, she has adequate evidence to support her suit against the recalcitrant contractor.

August 24, 8:24 AM San Jose Environmental Health Examiner Linda Kincaid, MPH, CIH

 

http://www.microshield-es.com


Microshield IAQ and the American Indoor Air Quality Council

July 17, 2009

The American Indoor Air Quality Council promotes awareness, education and certification in the field of indoor air quality.  Our mission is to establish credible certifications that provide value to certificants, their clients and the public.  It is their goal to serve the public interest with integrity as an independent certifying body.

As the Council grew, so did interest in starting similar organizations in other states. In 1998, the corporation changed its name to the American Indoor Air Quality Council, and began to grow nationally.  By September 2000, the Council had grown to over 500 members with 23 corporate sponsors.  By 2002, the IAQ Council had reached approximately 3000 members, 200 corporate sponsors and had 46 local chapters in 26 states and several international locations.

On January 1, 2006, a major event changed the scope of the Council’s activities. As part of a unification agreement with the Indoor Air Quality Association (IAQA) and the Indoor Environmental Standards Organization (IESO), the Council no longer offers membership services, but instead focuses exclusively on certification programs.  At the end of 2006, the IAQ Council had 5351 certificants in nine disciplines related to IAQ consulting, investigation, remediation and administration.  Governance of the IAQ Council, The operations and governance of the IAQ Council function at three levels. Final executive authority is vested in a Board of Directors by the Council’s bylaws.

The Board of Directors in turn appoints a National Advisory Board to assist them in their decisions. The National Advisory Board is composed of both IAQ professionals and members of the public sector, and offers the Directors an independent perspective on issues facing the IAQ industry. The National Advisory Board also oversees the implementation of basic certification and operational guidelines common to all Council  certification programs.

Finally, each Council certification program is operated by a separate Certification Board, which presides over the awarding of certifications in its category. Certification Boards are composed of experts who have field experience in the values required for eh certification, and each of them holds the certification that he or she votes to award. Certification Board members develop and approve all examination materials and eligibility requirements, and review all application materials. They approve the awarding of certifications by unanimous vote.

http://www.microshield-es.com