What makes mold grow?

October 6, 2010

Mold only needs a few things to grow and multiply:

•Nutrients (food)
•A suitable place to grow
•Moisture

Many building materials (such as wood, sheetrock, etc.) provide food that can support mold growth. Even dust that has settled on these materials or furniture can be a food source for molds. Molds can grow almost anywhere there is enough moisture or high humidity. Controlling moisture is the key to stopping indoor mold growth, because all molds require water to grow. Moisture can come from:

•Flooding from the outside (storm water, overflowing lakes, streams, storm surge, etc.)
•Flooding from the indoor (overflow from sinks, tubs, toilets, air conditioner drain pans or sewerage systems)
•Condensation (caused by indoor humidity that is too high or surfaces that are too cold)
•Water leaks from outside the building (roof, walls, floors)
•Indoor plumbing leaks or broken water pipes
•Outdoor sprinkler spray hitting the walls, or indoor fire sprinklers
•Poor venting of kitchen and bathroom moisture (steam from shower or cooking)
•Humidifier use
•Drying wet clothes indoors, or not venting clothes dryers outdoors (including electric dryers)
•House plants (over watering, etc.)
•Moisture from our bodies (sweat, wet hair on pillows, breath)
•Warm, moist air from outdoors
•Liquid spills


How can I prevent mold growth?

October 6, 2010

Water is the key. Without it, mold growth cannot start, much less multiply and spread. The easiest way to prevent the mold from gaining a foothold is to control dampness. Keep your home clean and dry. When water stands for even 24 hours, common molds can take hold. Keeping humidity levels below 60% and venting moisture from showering and cooking to the outside are several ways to prevent the conditions that can lead to mold growth. Other ways include:

•Clean and dry up spills within 24 hours
•Dry out wet building materials and carpets within 24 hours
•Use an air conditioner or a dehumidifier to reduce the indoor humidity levels below 60%. If you have a central air conditioning system and need a dehumidifier to reduce relative humidity below 60%, you should have the air conditioning system examined for problems
•Do not carpet bathrooms or basements

Note: While most experts suggest a relative humidity of less than 60%, below 50% is best for controlling both mold growth and dust mites. Dust mites are microscopic animals related to spiders, ticks and other mites. Dust mites eat mold and dead human or animal skin scales (flakes) and leave allergenic proteins. Dust mites reduce allergen production at these lower humidity levels.


Alliance for Healthy Housing working for affordable healthy housing for all.

September 29, 2010

Ventilation and Indoor Air Quality

Proper ventilation helps improve indoor air quality. Ventilation can control indoor humidity and airborne contaminants, both of which either contribute to or act as health hazards. The American Society of Heating, Refrigerating, and Air Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) and several states (Minnesota, Washington, and Vermont) have ventilation standards designed to ensure acceptable indoor air quality.
High indoor humidity can spur mold growth. High humidity may result from poor construction/rehabilitation, site design that does not properly manage water, and/or inadequate air exchange. A reasonable target for relative humidity is 30-60 percent. A low cost hygrometer, available at hardware stores, can be used to measure relative humidity. In cool climates, inadequate ventilation in the winter can contribute to excessive moisture and humidity because normal activities create moisture (cooking, bathing, breathing), and there is insufficient natural ventilation (opening windows) or mechanical ventilation (fans, exhaust systems) to remove the moisture. In warmer climates, the heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) system can pull warmer, humid air inside. In this case, the ventilation system may help create indoor humidity problems unless the system also dehumidifies the air.

Common sources of airborne contaminants include:

Indoor contaminants. These include chemicals used in the construction or renovation of buildings (e.g., glues, off-gassing from carpets, emissions from particle board, cleaning compounds). In addition, appliances that burn gas can produce particulates and carbon monoxide. Incomplete combustion and poor ventilation of these appliances (cook stoves, gas furnaces, gas boilers, and gas water heaters) can contribute to indoor contaminants. Gas cook tops should be used with fans that send exhaust outside. Gas-fired heating appliances should be sealed and power-vented systems installed to remove products of incomplete combustion. Wood-burning stoves can also create particulates and must be vented outside.

Outdoor contaminants. Outdoor particulates can be drawn inside when the heating or cooling system draws air into a home. Particulates and allergens found in outdoor air can be asthma triggers. Filtering incoming air for HVAC systems effectively filters particulates. Experts recommend using filters with a MERV 6-8, but higher MERV levels trap smaller particles and generally are more appropriate for those with allergies or where the indoor environment has a high concentration of mold spores, dust particles, or other allergens.

Two types of ventilation can help control harmful air contaminants and humidity: spot ventilation and dilution ventilation. Spot ventilation draws air from a particular location (e.g., bathroom, kitchen) and exhausts it to the outside. Dilution ventilation address low-level contamination throughout the home.

Spot Ventilation. Exterior exhaust fans should be installed in all bathrooms and kitchens. These fans remove humidity and carbon monoxide. The most effective fans are quiet and durable. Use fans that operate at one sone or less and exhaust to the outdoors. Fans equipped with timers or de-humidistat controls are useful to ensure the fans run for a sufficient period of time. A good rule of thumb is to run a bathroom fan for about 45 minutes after a shower.

Dilution Ventilation. Dilution ventilation addresses the entire living space. Air changes (exchanging indoor air with outdoor air) and air cleaning help determine the effectiveness of dilution. Air changes result from a combination of natural ventilation (infiltration; leakage; windows) and mechanical (controlled) ventilation. Air cleaning occurs when particulates are filtered and when air is dehumidified to remove moisture. The goal is to provide sufficient changes to ensure a healthy environment. There are several types of heating and cooling systems with filtration that can be installed to accomplish this. A common element necessary in all systems is duct sealing, particularly on the return side (side drawing in the air). The Air Conditioning Contractors Association (ACCA) provides guidance on duct sealing in its Manual D: Duct Design.

Sizing HVAC Systems

It is important not to oversize a system. Oversizing can contribute to poor air distribution and insufficient dehumidification, creating an environment that promotes mold growth. Oversized heating systems can “short cycle,” meaning that the system does not run long enough to turn the fan on for a sufficient period to distribute new air. Systems that short cycle during air conditioning will deliver cold air in short bursts but not necessarily dehumidify the air. The resulting cold, clammy environment can encourage mold growth. Some contractors oversize HVAC systems to compensate for duct leakage and to minimize complaints about heating or cooling delivery. The ACCA provides guidance on system sizing in its Manual J.

HVAC Systems Can Contribute to Air Quality Problems

HVAC systems can also exacerbate indoor air quality problems. The HVAC system may be contaminated (because of mold in duct lining or bacteria on coil or filters, for example), and the system may spread these pollutants throughout the home. Second, the HVAC duct distribution system can spread pollutants from one portion of the home to another. Regular maintenance and duct sealing can help minimize these problems.

Sources and Additional Information:

Air Conditioning Contractors Association (ACCA) – http://www.acca.org

American Society of Heating and Refrigerating and Air Conditioning Engineers, Inc – http://www.ashrae.org

Building Science Corporation – http://www.buildingscience.com/resources/mechanical/default.htm

Home Energy Magazine – http://homeenergy.org

Minnesota State Regulations – Ventilation – http://www.revisor.leg.state.mn.us/arule/7672/1000.html

Washington State Regulations – Ventilation – http://www.doh.wa.gov/hsqa/fsl/CRS/resources.htm


Indoor Air Quality IAQ TIPS FOR TEACHERS

September 26, 2010

Teachers have a significant role maintaining good air quality in classrooms. Below are a few tips for teachers that if followed can assist in maintaining or improving the air quality of classrooms.

Tip #10 – BLOCKING HVAC SUPPLY OR RETURN AIR DUCTS REDUCES AIR QUALITY

Classroom air supply systems are critical to the classroom environment. It is important that air systems are not manually turned on or off and are not blocked. Classroom air systems will not work properly when the system is even partially blocked. If there are issues with your air supply system, ask the front office to enter a work request for Building Services to address the issue on your behalf. If you are storing materials like the ones shown below finding alternate storage space will allow the system to better perform.

Tip #9 – MINIMIZE UPHOLSTERED FURNITURE AND STUFFED TOYS

Cloth furniture, stuffed animals, pillows and other such articles are reservoirs for allergens and asthma triggers. It is important to wash these types of materials out of the classroom or cleaned regularly to keep allergens to a minimum.

Tip #8 – PREVENT DUST ACCUMULATIONS

Dust can be a serious problem for asthmatics or others with upper respiratory sensitivity. Keeping clutter to a minimum will allow your custodian to take better care of your room. For instance, keeping stored materials in plastic boxes with lids allows them to be dusted. Your custodian takes good care of your room. However, the hygiene of personal items, media carts, computers and stored materials is the responsibility of the teacher(s) using or storing these items.

Tip #7 – ANIMAL DANDER IS AN ALLERGEN

Furry animals produce dander which can be both an allergen and asthma trigger. It is best not to have furry animals in the classroom. If animals are required for curriculum the cages should be cleaned on a daily basis and more sensitive children should sit on the opposite side of the room from the animals. Animal food should be stored in sealable vessels. You should never be able to smell the presence of the animals in your classroom.

Tip #6 – MASKING AGENTS PUT CHEMICALS IN THE AIR

Masking agents introduce substances into the air that may smell nice to some, but may be offensive or upper respiratory irritants to others. It is best not to use masking agents in classrooms. If there is a building related problem causing odors, the masking agent makes it harder to find the problem. There have been a number of response actions conducted by district personnel where simply removing the masking agents out of the building resolved staff and student upper respiratory irritation.

Tip #5 – USE THE WORK ORDER SYSTEM TO ADJUST HVAC SYSTEMS

It is important that classroom air systems are allowed to run as designed. Tampering with the air system not only impacts your room, but may start a domino effect that impacts other classrooms too. If your classroom is not within the accepted temperature range contact the front office to request support.

Tip #4 – USE BREAK ROOMS AND OR CAFETERIA TO PREPARE FOOD AND BEVERAGES

Do not store or prepare food in classrooms unless there is a specific medical or curriculum need to do so. Food spoils, attracts pests and should be prepared in appropriate spaces. Home appliances are not intended for use in school buildings and generally do not have the appropriate ASTM rating.

Tip #3 – PERFUME AND COLOGNE ARE UPPER RESPIRATORY IRRITANTS TO SOME

Perfumes, aftershave and colognes may be serious upper respiratory irritants. Reduce use to a minimum while at school to avoid triggering asthma attacks or causing upper respiratory system irritation.

Tip #2 – REPORT WATER EVENTS PROMPTLY

Report floods, water leaks, or water spots to the front office promptly. By reporting these issues early the initial problem can be addressed by Building Services before the moisture becomes a more serious event.

Tip #1 – EDUCATE YOURSELF WITH FREE MATERIALS DESIGNED FOR YOUR BENEFIT

Empower yourself to improve the indoor environment by reading up on IAQ at the USEPA Tools for Schools IAQ Website.


CDC, EPA, HUD Officials to Join IAQA 14th Annual Meeting

September 22, 2010

Representatives from leading government agencies addressing indoor environmental quality, including CDC, EPA and HUD, will help kick-off the IAQA 14th Annual Meeting by participating in a series of workshops and panel discussions. The meeting takes place February 15-17, 2011 in San Antonio, Texas and is being called “The Summit for Healthy Home and Healthy Building Professionals.”

Government officials joining the convention program include Peter J. Ashley, DrPH, Director, Policy and Standards Division, HUD Office of Healthy Homes and Lead Hazard Control; Kathy Seikel, Environmental Protection Agency, Office of the Administrator, Office of Children’s Health Protection; and, Deborah Millette, Deputy Director/Senior Advisor to the Director, Division of Emergency and Environmental Health Services, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

“Our 14th Annual Meeting will be truly remarkable, in that it is the first of several 2011 conferences that bring government, industry and academia together to discuss healthy homes and healthy buildings. The meeting program, coupled with hundreds of booths at the Indoor Air Expo, makes IAQA’s event the most sensation conference for IAQ professionals taking place next year,” said Carl Grimes, IAQA President.


Florida Releases Energy Star Residential HVAC Rebate Form

August 28, 2010

Florida Releases Energy Star Residential HVAC Rebate Form Encourages Florida residents to upgrade to energy-efficient air conditioning system.

Governor Charlie Crist today encouraged Floridians to learn how to receive a Florida ENERGY STAR® Residential HVAC rebate by visiting http://www.rebates.com/floridahvac.

Beginning Monday, August 30, 2010, Florida homeowners who upgrade their air conditioning systems can qualify to receive a $1,500 rebate.

The program will end on Friday, December 31, 2010, or when the $15 million in rebate funds are depleted.

These purchases are expected to increase employment in the air conditioning industry and to create new green jobs for home energy efficiency raters.

“I encourage Floridians to learn about the state and federal financial rebate incentives and consider upgrading their residential air conditioning system beginning August 30,” Governor Crist said. “This investment will benefit consumers, businesses and our entire state economy, as well as increase energy savings and improve the value of many Florida homes.”

Due to the limited amount of rebate funds, rebates will be on a first-come, first-served basis. Governor Crist encourages Florida residents to visit the Web site to learn details that will increase consumers’ likelihood of receiving a rebate.

Beginning on Monday, August 30, consumers who purchase and install a new central air conditioner, air source heat pump or geothermal heat pump that meets Federal Energy Tax Credits standards can begin taking the first steps towards qualifying for a rebate.

Consumers can receive rebates of up to $1,500 per household on central air conditioners, air source heat pumps or geothermal heat pumps when, concurrently with installation, they also have their home duct systems tested, and the test results indicate no more than 15 percent leakage to the outside.

Participants must meet all the requirements of the Florida ENERGY STAR® Residential HVAC Rebate Program.

Rebates will be given in the form of an American Express Prepaid Card, which has no fees for monthly servicing or card replacement, and the funds on the card never expire.

The prepaid card can be exchanged for a check or an electronic funds transfer. The rebate program is for Florida household residents only.

Administered by the Florida Energy and Climate Commission and the Governor’s Energy Office, the rebate program is made possible by a grant from the federal American Recovery and Reinvestment Act and Florida legislation signed by Governor Crist in 2009.

•John P. Lapotaire, CIEC
•Certified Indoor Environmental Consultant
•Microshield Environmental Services, LLC
www.Microshield-ES.com www.CFL-IAQ.com


IAQA Partners with HUD for 2011 National Healthy Homes Conference

August 28, 2010

The 2011 National Healthy Homes Conference is a federally-sponsored event bringing together a wide range of sectors to better coordinate efforts in making housing healthy, safe, and environmentally sustainable.

This Conference is hosted by the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development’s Office of Healthy Homes and Lead Hazard Control, in partnership with the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S. Department of Energy, U.S. Department of Agriculture, and U.S. Environmental Protection Agency.

Together the agencies are working to help America create and sustain healthy homes and communities for everyone. The event takes place June 20-23, 2011 in Denver, Colorado. IAQA is one of 18 prestigious organizations chosen to serve on the Conference Advisory Committee.

•John P. Lapotaire, CIEC
•Certified Indoor Environmental Consultant
•Microshield Environmental Services, LLC
www.Microshield-ES.com www.CFL-IAQ.com


Florida Chooses ACAC Mold Remediator License Examinations

August 21, 2010

Chapter 468, Part XVI, Florida Statutes, provides for licensure and regulation of mold remediators. The law became effective July 1, 2010, and provides that the mold related services licensing program will be administered by Florida’s Department of Business and Professional Regulation (DBPR).

The Florida DBPR has chosen ACAC to provide the license examinations required by Chapter 468, and has approved 2 ACAC Mold Remediation certification exams for this purpose:

ACAC Mold Remediator Exams

All of the following tests are approved by DBPR for the Florida mold remediator license. License applicants may register for the exam of their choosing:

Council-certified Microbial Remediator (CMR)
100 question exam on proper techniques for microbial remediation in the indoor environment.

Council-certified Microbial Remediation Supervisor (CMRS)
120 question exam on proper techniques for microbial remediation in the indoor environment.

•John P. Lapotaire, CIEC
•Certified Indoor Environmental Consultant
•Microshield Environmental Services, LLC
www.Microshield-ES.com www.CFL-IAQ.com


What is a Certified Microbial Remediation Supervisor CMRS?

August 21, 2010

The ACAC CMRS is your first step in becoming Licenced as a Mold Remediator in Florida by Grandfathering.

A Council-certified Microbial Remediation Supervisor (CMRS) conducts mold remediation and mold removal projects in the indoor environment. A CMRS can design and maintain effective containments. A CMRS can control pressure relationships during a project. A CMRS can safely clean, treat or remove structures and contents affected by microbial contamination. A CMRS can design remediation protocols or follow established protocols and industry standards.

A CMRS has verified knowledge of the microbial remediation field. The CMRS examination covers the most respected reference texts in the industry. Candidates for the CMRS must know the important industry standards. They must be familiar with scientific principles governing mold and the indoor environment. They must understand the most common practices and protocols used by remediators. They must be familiar with the equipment used in mold remediation. They must be aware of legal issues affecting their work

Each CMRS has demonstrated at least five (5) years experience in mold remediation and mold removal in one or more of the following settings:

•Offices and commercial buildings

•Industrial structures

•Government facilities

•Schools and public buildings

•Healthcare facilities

•Residential structures

To earn the Council-certified Microbial Remediation Supervisor designation, every candidate must:

•Demonstrate at least five (5) years of verifiable field experience in microbial remediation

•Pass a rigorous examination based on broad industry knowledge rather than a course curriculum

•Earn the unanimous approval of the CMRS certification board

•Re-certify every two years

•Participate in 20 hours of professional development activities each year

•Maintain the highest ethical standards

The CMRS certification is accredited by the Council for Engineering and Scientific Specialty Boards (CESB), a nationally recognized independent accreditation body. ACAC certifications are the ONLY designations in the indoor air quality field to earn CESB accreditation.

•John P. Lapotaire, CIEC
•Certified Indoor Environmental Consultant
•Microshield Environmental Services, LLC
www.Microshield-ES.com www.CFL-IAQ.com


The Florida Mold Law Defines Mold Remediation

August 7, 2010

Florida Mold Law 468.8411 Definitions.–As used in this part, the term:

“Mold remediation” means the removal, cleaning, sanitizing, demolition, or other treatment, including preventive activities, of mold or mold-contaminated matter of greater than 10 square feet that was not purposely grown at that location; however, such removal, cleaning, sanitizing, demolition, or other treatment, including preventive activities, may not be work that requires a license under chapter 489 unless performed by a person who is licensed under that chapter or the work complies with that chapter.

“Mold remediator” means any person who performs mold remediation. A mold remediator may not perform any work that requires a license under chapter 489 unless the mold remediator is also licensed under that chapter or complies with that chapter.

•John P. Lapotaire, CIEC
•Certified Indoor Environmental Consultant
•Microshield Environmental Services, LLC
www.Microshield-ES.com www.CFL-IAQ.com